Cheomseongdae Observatory

• Name: Cheomseongdae, 첨성대
• Location: 140-25 Cheomseong-ro, Gyeongju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do
• Reason to visit: The oldest astronomical observatory in Asia and a national treasure of Korea, landmark in Gyeongju
• Our rating: ☆☆☆☆
• Opening hours: Open all year round
• Entrance fee: Free
• Recommended tour: 5 Days Seoul-Gyeongju Exploring Tour

Have you ever wondered how the ancient Koreans observed the stars and planets? Do you want to experience a time-travel adventure to the 7th century? If so, you should visit Cheomseongdae, the oldest astronomical observatory in Asia and a national treasure of Korea. Cheomseongdae is a stunning and impressive monument that showcases the wisdom and vision of Queen Seondeok and her people. In this article, we will tell you everything you need to know about Cheomseongdae and why you should add it to your bucket list.

History of Cheomseongdae

Cheomseongdae was built in the early years of the reign of Queen Seondeok, the first female ruler of Silla, one of the three kingdoms that ruled ancient Korea. She was a wise and visionary leader who supported the development of culture, arts, and science in her kingdom. She commissioned the construction of Cheomseongdae as a symbol of her power and knowledge. Cheomseongdae was used by the ancient Koreans to observe the stars and planets and to predict their fate and destiny according to astrology.

It was also a source of inspiration for other observatories in East Asia and beyond. For example, Japan built a similar observatory called Senseidai in 675 CE, and China built one called Duke Zhou's Observatory in 723 CE. Cheomseongdae has survived for over 1300 years and has been designated as the country's 31st national treasure in 1962 CE. It is also part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Gyeongju Historic Areas.

Design of Cheomseongdae

Cheomseongdae is a 9-meter tall tower made of 365 granite blocks, representing the days of the year. It has a square base and a circular body that narrows as it rises. It also has a small window that faces south and captures the sun's rays on the spring and autumn equinoxes. The tower reflects the ancient Korean worldview of  'round-heaven, square-earth' and the sacred mountain Mt. Sumeru. The tower is also beautifully decorated with patterns and colors that symbolize harmony and balance.

The number and placement of the stones in Cheomseongdae have been theorized to represent various historical and astronomical figures. For instance, the central hole or window separates the body into 12 layers of stones both above and below, symbolizing the 12 months in a year and the 24 solar terms. Additionally, the 12 stones which comprise the base may also reference the 12 months. The number of stones also matches Queen Seondeok's position as the 27th monarch of Silla. The design and structure of Cheomseongdae are considered to be very sophisticated and advanced for its time.

What to see at Cheomseongdae and its around

You can admire the beauty and elegance of Cheomseongdae from different angles and perspectives. You can also learn more about the ancient Korean astronomy and astrology at the nearby Gyeongju National Museum. The museum has a special exhibition hall dedicated to Cheomseongdae, where you can see models, replicas, diagrams, and explanations of how it worked as an observatory. You can also see some artifacts related to Queen Seondeok and Silla culture, such as crowns, jewelry, pottery, paintings, and sculptures. If you visit Cheomseongdae at night, you can enjoy a starry sky show with a laser projector and music. The show is held every night from March to November at 8 pm and lasts for about 15 minutes.

You can also explore other historical and cultural sites in Gyeongju, such as Anapji Pond, Bulguksa Temple, Seokguram Grotto, and Daereungwon Tomb Complex. Anapji Pond is an artificial pond that was built in 674 CE as part of a palace complex. It is famous for its scenic beauty and night illumination. Bulguksa Temple is a Buddhist temple that was built in 774 CE as a symbol of paradise on earth. It is famous for its exquisite architecture and stone pagodas. Seokguram Grotto is a stone cave that houses a giant statue of Buddha overlooking the sea. It is famous for its artistic excellence and spiritual atmosphere. Daereungwon Tomb Complex is a group of large earthen mounds that contain the tombs of Silla kings and nobles. It is famous for its mysterious charm and archaeological discoveries. Gyeongju is a city rich in history and heritage that will make you feel like you have traveled back in time.

How to get to Cheomseongdae

By Bus: Take bus no. 10, 11, 700 or 1700 from Gyeongju Bus Terminal or Gyeongju Station and get off at Cheomseongdae bus stop. The bus ride takes about 15 minutes and costs 1,300 won.

By Car: Follow the signs for Gyeongju National Museum and Cheomseongdae. There is a parking lot near the observatory that charges 500 won per hour. The drive takes about 10 minutes from the city center.

Popular Restaurants and Hotels Nearby

Popular Restaurants Nearby

Sukyoung Sikdang: A family-run restaurant that serves authentic Korean food such as bibimbap, bulgogi, kimchi stew, and dumplings. It is located near the Gyerim Forest and has a warm and friendly atmosphere. The average price per person is about 10,000 won.

Hwangnam Bread: A bakery that sells the famous hwangnam bread, which is a sweet pastry filled with red bean paste. It is located near the Daereungwon Tomb Complex and has a long history and reputation. The average price per piece is about 1,000 won.

Popular Hotels Nearby

Floralspace Guest House: A charming and cozy guest house that offers a relaxing and comfortable stay in Gyeongju, Korea. It is located near Cheomseongdae and other historical and cultural attractions. It offers dormitory and private rooms with free Wi-Fi, air conditioning, shared bathroom, and lockers. It also has a kitchen, lounge, garden, and laundry facilities. The staff are friendly and helpful, and the atmosphere is warm and welcoming. The average price per night is about 25,000 won.

Dorandoran Guesthouse: A modern and stylish guest house that offers a fun and memorable stay in Gyeongju, Korea. It is located near Cheomseongdae and other historical and cultural attractions. It offers dormitory and private rooms with free Wi-Fi, air conditioning, private bathroom, and TV. It also has a cafe, bar, terrace, and bike rental service. The staff are friendly and helpful, and the atmosphere is lively and social. The average price per night is about 30,000 won.